Broaching machine



Aug. 4, 1936. E. G. ROEHM BROACHING MACHINE Filed Nov. 5, 1954 7 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR. f aw/756 059 ATTORNEY.

Aug. 4, 1935. ROEHM 2,049,623

BROAGHING MACHINE Filed Nov. 5, 1954 '7 Sheets-Sheet 2 WI] P,

INVENTOR. [/PM/X 6 /?0////v ATTORNEY.

Aug, 4, 1936., E. G. ROEHM BROACHING MACHINE Filed Nov. 5, 1934 7 Sheets-Sheet 4 I IN VENTOR. /?Q% /v ATTORNEY.

1936 E. G. ROEHM 2,049,623

BROACHING MACHINE Filed Nov. 5, 1934 7 Sheets-Sheet 7 Patented Aug. 4-, 1936 I entree stares eater rottin BRQAHING MASHENE Erwin G. Roehm, Nor-wood, (Dhio, assignor to The Cincinnati Milling Machine 00., Cincinnati,

Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Application November 5, 1934, Serial No. 752,829

20 (llaims. (01. 96-33) This invention relates to improvements in mashown in Figure 1 as seenparticularly from the chine tools and particularly to improvements in ght hand side of Figure 1.

breaching machines. Figure 3 is a fragmentary plan view of the One of the principal objects of this invention work supporting table as seen from line 3--3 on 5 is the provision of an improved breaching ma- Figure 1. 5 chine of the multiple or duplex type for mm Figure 4 is a fragmentary vertical sectional tinuously producing work pieces which is safe to view as seen from line t-i on Figure a maximum degree, Figure 5 is a horizontal sectional view taken Another object of the invention is the proviim d at y l w t w rk pp tin ta e surl sion of a broaching machine of the type above face as seen substantially from line -5 on Figspecified in which the work piece or pieces must lire be securely clamped before the machine can be Figure 6 is a vertical sectional view throu set in operation. the control valve as seen from line 6-6 on Fig- A further object of the invention is the provi- I l5 sion 01 an improved hydraulically actuated Figure'iisastaggered horizontal sectional view breaching machine of the duplex type including taken on e o Fi u 6-- a work supporting table adapted to support a Figure 3 is a lo gitud nal sectional view pair of work fixtures in which the work pieces through the wo Supporting fi tu e as seen for are to be secured by power means, which "power example from line 011 Figure means t be operated in order to eflect the Figure 9 is a horizontal sectional view as seen operation of the broach ram. from line on Figure It is alsotan object of this invention to provide Figure 10 is a sectional View of form of Valve a breaching machine which includes a work supuiflhzed for actuating the work clamping mecha' port and in which the means for actuating the 151m w 7 5 :broach is interconnected with the work support Figure 11 is a diagrammatic V simple whereby each must be functioning in a normal hydraulic circuit as employed with the valve of manner before the other can be operated Figure 10 for operating the work clamping mech- It is also an object of the present invention to provide a breaching machine adapted to be con-- Flgur? 12 is dl'flgramnfatic mustratmg tmuously operated but which, if. the operator has the vanoushydrauhc circuits and control valves 30 tilized in the operation of the machine. not finished securing a work piece thereto, will u stop at the completion of each cutting cycle. fi 13 if i f gi A still further object of the invention is the po ng mec an Sm an s m M 0 gme with the work supporting fixtures removed and provision of a breaching machine which includes a movable work support and in which the work illustrating a modification of the invention.

Figure 14 is an enlarged fragmentary elevacannot be released from the work support so long as the work support is in position with its work tional view of certam of the parts on the right piece adjacent to or in line with the breaching fi l g gg 13 and showing the valve tools.

49 Figure 15 is a fragmentary sectional view as other oblects and adYantages of the 5 seen substantially from line l5i5 on Figure 14. invention should be readily apparent by reference Figure 16 is a diagrammatic View similar to to the following specification, considered in con- Figure 12, but including the additional valves and junction with the i y drawings form" circuits needed in connection with the modifica- 5 ing a part; the1:e0f and is to be understood tion shown in figures to inclusive i -V modlfieetwps may be made m the exact Throughout the several views of the drawings Structural detalls there shown and described, similar reference characters are employed to dethe Scope of the appended claims, note the ame or simila r parts dep from exceeding the Spirit Of the As was noted above, this invention pertains to ventio hydraulically actuated machine tools and par- 50 In t drawings! ticularly hydraulically actuated broaching ma- Figure l s a front elevation a broaching machines of the duplex type. In this type 'of machine embodying improvements of this invenchine tool a plurality of work supports are emtion. ployed whereby onework piece is being operated Fi u 2 s a side vat f t ma hine upon while the other work supportisbeing loaded.

By the present invention the several parts or units of the machine and the work supporting mechanism are interlocked so that the machine or the tool moving elements thereof cannot be operated until the work is securely clamped.- Furthermore, by the present invention the work piece that is being operated upon cannot be released until its work support has been retracted a sufficient distance from the tool, thereby preventing the inadvertent loosening of the work while in contact with the tool which would result in either damage to the work or the tool or a wrecking of the machine.

Specifically, the machine of this invention comprises a base 25 which is of hollow construction and utilized as a tank for fluid, preferably oil, as will later appear. Rising from the base 25 is a column 26 to the forward face of which is secured the knee or table support 21. It might be noted at this time that the base column and knee are of fabricated construction, that is, built up from suitable sheets of steel welded to one another. Since this welded construction forms no part of the present invention the details thereof have not been further illustrated or described.

The column 26 is provided with a front plate 28 to which is secured a plurality of bars 29 which between them form a guide way 39 for each of the broaching tool slides or rams 3| and 32. The rams 3| and 32 are substantially U-shaped in cross section thereby providing a hollow space behind each ram which, together with additional space provided by the bar 29, is utilized for the means which actuates the said rams. The means for actuating the rams 3| and 32, as shown in the drawings, comprises a pair of cylinders 33 and 34, each of which respectively encloses a piston 35 and 36, see Figure 12. The piston 35 is connected by a strap or bracket 31 to the slide or ram 3| while the piston 36 is connected by a similar strap or bracket 38 with the slide or ram 32. The means for actuating the pistons 35 and 36 is clearly shown in Figure 12 and will be described in detail later.

The table support or knee 21 has an upper plate 39 which supports the work table and means for actuating it. As shown in Figure 4, the plate 39 has rising therefrom a stud or shaft 40 which constitutes a trunnion for the table 4|. As seen in Figure 3, the table 4| is provided on its inner end with a pair of angularly disposed faces 42 and 43 which are adapted to be alternately aligned respectively with the rams 3| and 32 so that work pieces thereon may be tooled or broached.

To oscillate the work table use is made of a piston 44 enclosed within a suitable cylinder 45 secured to and depending from the plate 39. The piston 44 is secured to the inner end of a piston rod 46 which is provided near its other end with rack teeth 41. The rack teeth 41 mesh with a suitable rack pinion 48 integral with or secured to a vertically disposed shaft 49 rotatably jour-' naled in a bracket 50 depending from the plate 39. The shaft 49 projects upwardly above the plate 39 to receive an arm most clearly shown in Figure 5. The arm 5! has rotatably mounted thereon a roller 52 which has its axis eccentric to the axis of the shaft 5| The roller 52 is adapted to enter the space 53 provided between a pair of lugs or blocks 54 and 55 secured to the under side of the table 4|. From this it will be seen that oscillation of the arm 5|, through the roller 52 and blocks 54 and 55, effects the oscillation of the table 4| from one operative position to the other.

bar 51 is axially shifted as the work table is oscillated. The ends of the bar 51 are adapted to enter the space between a clamping blockor anvil 60 and the opposed wall of the guide way 56 for thereby accurately positioning the work table and restraining the outward movement of the table due to the cut thrust on the work. It will be understood that there is a separate clamping mechanism at each end of the bar for correspondingly securing the table in position depending upon which of the broach rams 3| or 32 is operating through its cutting stroke.

The means for actuating the broach rams, pistons and the table indexing piston is clearly shown in Figure 12 in diagrammatic form. The mechanism is also shown both in diagrammatic and structural form in co-pending application to Millard Romaine and Erwin G. Roehm, Serial No. 744,552, to which reference may be had for the structural mechanism and particularly the mechanism to actually shift the various valves. The hydraulic circuit, as shown in Figure 12, comprises a sump or tank 6| containing fluid to be circulated through the system, which is preferably oil and. the tank is preferably located in the hollow base of the machine. the pump 62 driven, see Figure 2, by the motor 63 which together with the pump 62 is mounted on a plate 64 and disposed within the column through a suitable opening provided therethrough in the rear thereof. As seen in Figure 12 the pump 62 has connected to one side thereof a suction pipe 65 which terminates in the sump or tank 6|. Projecting from the other side of the pump 62 is the pressure pipe or conduit 66 which terminates in a starting, stopping and emergency reverse valve indicated in general in Figure 12 by the reference numeral 61. The pressure pipe or conduit 66 is connected through a by-pass or relief valve 68 with the tank 6| which mechanism,'as is usual practice, determines the effective pressure in the pipe or conduit 65 and therefore the operating pressure for the system.

The valve mechanism 61 comprises a valve bushing 69 through which is formed a plurality of ports 10, 1|, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 and 11 to each of which is connected one end of a pipe or conduit as will be later pointed out. Disposed within the bushing 69 is a piston valve member 18 being provided with a plurality of collars or piston portions between which are formed reduced portions or cannelures and adapted to connect the ports in different combinations depending upon the position thereof. The valve member 18 has three operative positions; the running position which is shown in Figure 12, a stopping position which is to the left of that shown in Figure 12 when the end of the valve member contacts with the adjacent end of plug 19 and a reversing position when the said left hand end of the valve member 18 engages the housing 80' of the plug 19 and the spring 8| behind the plug 19 is compressed.

In order to shift the valve to its several positions there is provided a pair of levers 82 and 83 respectively disposed on the right and left hand sides of the machine and respectively secured to the projecting ends of a shaft or rod 84 rotat- Located above the tank 6| is ill (iii

aocaeas alcly jourhaled lo the lmee or work support til. I

The lever 83: on the hit hahcl side of the ma chine, as seen in Figure 1, has connected therewith one cool oi a rod til, see Figure 2, the other end of which is pivotaliy connected to a short arm lit secured. to a shaft @l. The shaft @l is rotatably mounted in a valve hloclr tt disposed within the column '26 and this hlocls has pressed thereinto the valve bushing ht. Secured to the shaft t7] and adjacent the valve loloclz 8t is a valve shifter lit having one arm iiii disposed in a notch iii formed in the valve member it and a second arm engaging a shoulder or of a spring pressed plunger t l. The plunger so is provided on its free end with a hose t5 adapted to engage the valve member it and latch same in a run" ning position as shown in Figure 12. The valve member 'lil is shifted to its stop position by a spring 96 shown diagrammatically in Figure 12 as being disposed within the valve bushing til anol abutting on its inner emi with the valve mem ber lt and its outer end. with a plug which closes the end of the bushing til. it is against the resistance of the spring @t that the plunger or latch llt retains the valve member to when in a runhing position. The valve member it is shifted to the reversing position by either of the loandies against the resistance of the spring ill. Upon release of the handle the said spring 31% returns the valve rriemloer to its stop position.

As seen in Figure 12, the ports or the valve mechanism ill has corlhectccl therewith the pipe or conduit while the port ll has connected therewith one one. ot a hrarica pressure concloit i the other coil of which is connected with the pressure pipe or conduit The ports it and it have respectively connected therewith discharge pipes or conduits ahrl which terminate in the swap or tari'c; port "it coririecteo therewith ooe eml of a pipe or conclilit which terminates at its other one in a pressure recioc log or relici valve rriecl'lanisrh indicated in general in i2 hy the reference immoral tilt and the saicl pipe or conduit ice is connected;

till

with a secomi valve mechanism indicated in gen eral in Figure it hy the reference numeral it? by means of a pipe or conduit The port has corihectezi therewith a pipe or conduit tilt wi'iicli terminates in the valve mechanism it? while the remaining ports iii and it have lileewise connected therewith. one cool or a pioe or conduit lot which terminates in the valve mecha nlsm The valve mecl'iaiiisiri loll comprises valve hashing tell in which is formed ports till, lite, its, illi, ill, llii, iii-l, lit cool lit. Disposecl within the here in the bushing 8% is a valve member i it having formed thereon a plurality of piston portions for providing between them re duced portions or camieliires adapted to connect the bushing ports iii ollfiererit combinations. The valve member lit has two posit ons. that shown in Figure 12 and a second position to the right thereof. This valve memloer is shifted by the work table at the end oi each oscillation-thereof.

The means for shifting the said valve is shown structurallyiri Figure l and comprises a disc iii secured to the lower cool of the shaft it for rotation or rather oscillation with the shaft it. Secured to the periphery of the disc i ii. is a pair of dogs lit and i691 adapted to engage lugs depencl-= ing from a flipper member 626. The flipper lie is secured to the inner end of an oscillatable roci ill rotatahly journaled in hearings provided by the column. The rod ill projects outwardly locyorid the rear oi the column to which projecting end. is secured a lever and limit mechanism ill, in tum connected at its upper end to a valve shifter lever 923. The valve shifter lever 823 has its free or ball end illi received in a notch H25 formed in the valve member i it. For further details of the mechanism for shifting this valve attention is invitecl to the co-pending application of Millard Romaine and Erwin G. Roehm, above identified; it is sufiilcient to note that the oscillation of the work supporting table effects the shifting of the valve member lit at each end of its stroke.

As seen in Figure 12 the valve bushing set has respectively connected with its ports lilti, [Ill and lit the pipes or conduits MS, Hi l and H65. The ports ill anol lilll have respectively connected therewith one end of pipes or conduits lit and ill which terminate at their other ends in a sales ty valve mechanism indicated in general in Figare 12 by the reference numeral [12513. The ports i it and l ill have respectively connected therewith one cool of pipes or conduits are and ltll which terminate at their other ends in the valve mechanism indicated in general in Figure 12 by the reference numeral ltl; this valve mechanism ill is under the control and operation of the breach slide 32,- as will be described later. The remaining ports i l2 and. i it have respectively connected therewith one end of pipes or conduits H32 and i133 which terminate at their other ends in a valve mechanism 8% which is similar to the valve mech arilsro ill and is under the control and operated Toy the breach slide iii as will later he olescriloed.

With the? valve members ill ancl tliithe pressure in. the pipe or conduit to is connected through the pipe or consult lot with the pipe or coiiciilit and the valve mechanism till. The valve mechanism ltl comprises a valve bashing in which. is termed ports i331, ill'i, its, Elie, Mi, M2 and ital. Disposed. within the hero iii the valve hashing i525] is a piston type valve member being provided with a plurality of piston portions forming between them reciiioerl portions or canrrelores adapted to connect the certs iii iiiiierent combinations depending upon the position of the valve.

[is was mentioned above, the valve mechanism Bi l is operated by the slide it anal for this pur pose the valve member ll i thereof; is provided with a transverse notch or groove lit receiving the hall cod t lt oi a valve shifting lever ill. The lever i lil is connected through suitable linkage to a reel ltt which projects through the column anal hevond the forward face thereof to receive a flipper member tilt. see Figure l. The flipper its is provided with a pair of offset lugs tell and lot adapted to he respectively actuated by clogs i552 anti let respectively secured to the slide at the lower and upper ends thereof. This valve shifting mechanism is shown in further do: tail in the aforementioned co-pendirig application. It should he noted, however, that the valve member lti t is shifted to the position. shown toy the clog E52 and to its second position to the right of that shown by the clog H53. As seen in Figure lithe port its has connected therewith one end of a pipe or conduit i555 which has its other end connected to the pipe or conduit 82?.

The port it? has connected with it one end of a pipe or conduit 555, the other end or which is tends between the valve mechanisms Bill anoi connected with a pipe or conduit llit which ex-= lit. e ports lit and t lt have respectively I connected therewith one end of pipes or conduits I51 and I58 which terminate at their other ends in the valve mechanism I34. The ports I and I43 have respectively connected therewith the ends of the pipes or conduits I29 and I30 extending from the valve mechanism I02 while the remaining ports i39 and I42 have respectively connected therewith one end of pipes or conduits I69 and I60 which respectively terminate at the lower and upper ends of cylinder 34.

With the valve member I44 in the position shown in Figure 12 the pressure in the pipe or conduits I 29 is connected with the pipe or conduit I60. for causing a downward movement of the piston 36 in the cylinder 34. The hydraulic medium on the other side of the piston 36 is exhausted through the pipe or conduit I59 to the valve mechanism I3I where it is connected with the pipe or conduit I58 and the valve mechanism I34.

The valve mechanism I34, as was noted above, is similar to the valve mechanism I3I and comprises a valve bushing I6I through which is formed ports I62, I63, I64, I65, I66, i61, I68 and I69. Disposed within the bore in the bushing I6! is a valve member I10 of the sliding piston type which has provided thereon a plurality of spool or piston portions between which is formed cannelures or reduced portions for connecting the bushing ports in different combinations depending upon the position of the valve member I10.

The valve member I10 is shifted-and controlled, as was noted above, by the ram 3|, for which purpose the slide 3| has adjustably secured dogs which are similar to the dogs I52 and I53 of the slide 32. These dogs are adapted to respectively engage lugs I1! and I12 projecting in offset relation from a flipper member I13 secured to a shaft or rod I14 oscillatably journaled in the column in a similar manner that rod I48 is mounted. The rodor shaft I14 is adapted to actuate a valve shifting lever I15 which has its "call end I16 received in a transverse notch or groove I11 formed in the valve member I 10..

This valve shifting mechanism is clearly disclosed in the above mentioned co-pending application to which reference may be had for further details. It will be appreciated, however, that the valve member I10 is actuated by the ram or slide 3|.

By reference to Figure 12 it will be noted that the ports I63 and I66 of the bushing I6I have respectively connected therewith one end of the pipe or conduit I56 and I51 which respectively extend from the relief or pressure reducing mechanism IOI and the valve mechanism I3I while the ports I61 and I69 have respectively connected therewith the other ends of the pipes or conduits I32 and I33 which extend from the valve mechanism I02. The port I62 has connected with it one end of a pipe or conduit I18, the other end of which is connected to the pipe or conduit I26 which extends between the safety valve mechanism I28 and the table actuating valve mechanism I02, while the port I64 has connected with it the end of the pipe or conduit I58 which extends from the valve mechanism MI. The remaining bushing ports I65 and I68 have respectively connected therewith one end of a pipe or conduit I19 and I80 which respectively terminate at their other ends in the lower and upper ends of the cylinder 33.

As was noted above, the hydraulic medium exhausted from the cylinder 34 to the valve mechanism I3I is connected with the pipe or conduit I58 with the valve mechanism I34. With the valve member I10 of the valve mechanism I34 in the position shown in Figure 12 the said exhaust is connected with the pipe or conduit I19 and the lower end of cylinder 33 for efiecting the upward movement of the piston 35. The medium ahead of the piston 35 is at this time connected through the pipe or conduit I06 to the valve mechanism I34 and through the pipe or conduit I33, valve mechanism I62, pipe or conduit I65, valve mechanism 61 and discharge pipes or conduits99 and 38 with the sump or tank 6|. From the foregoing it will be noted that the piston 36 and slide or ram 32 are now descending and passing through a cutting stroke while the piston 35 and slide or ram 3i is ascending and passing through an idle stroke. These movements of the parts continue until the said rams reach the limits of their movements whereupon the valve members I10 and I44 are shifted to their second or right hand positions as seen in Figure 12. When the said valve members I44 and I10 have been shifted to their second or right position the pressure in the pipe or conduit I23 is cut off from the pipe or conduit I60 and connected with the pipe or conduit I68. It should be noted at this time that if the piston 35 and slide or ram 3i are not at their upper limit of movement the said pressure in the pipe or conduit I58 is connected with the pipe or conduit I19 for continuing l the pressure reducing or relief valve IOI.

As shown in Figure 12 the pressure reducing or relief valve mechanism IIII comprises a bushing MI in which is formed a plurality of ports I82, I83 and I84. Disposed within the bore in the bushing I8I is a valve member I85 having formed thereon piston portions I 86 and I81. Extending from the, piston portion I86 is the reduced portion I88, while extending from the piston portion I81 is a conical portion I89 which terminates in the reduced portion I88. The conical portion I89 is utilized to more or less throttle the port I84. Disposed within the bushing MI is a spring I90 which abuts on one end with the piston portion I81 and on its other end with an adjustable abutment I9I for varying the tension in the spring M10. The port I83 of the bushing IBI has connected therewith the pipe or conduit I56 through which the pressure is now flowing. The port I84 has connected with it the end of the pipe or conduit I00 extending from the valve mechanism 61. The remaining port I82 has connected therewith one end of a pipe or conduit I32 which has its other one! connected with the pipe or conduit I56 and the pipe or conduit I92 has therein a hydraulic resistance or choke coil I63.

The operation'of this pressure reducing or relief valve is well understood since the pressure in the pipe or conduit I56 flowing through the pipe orv conduit I92 and the resistance coil I93 shifts the valve member I85 against the resistance of the spring I90 for opening the port I84 an amount determined by the adjustment of the abutment I 9|. The opening of the port I84 permits the discharge of a certain quantity of fluid flowing throughthe pipe or conduit I56 through the pipe or conduit I00 to the valve mechanism 61 and tank or sump 6|. The remaining fluid in the pipe or conduit I56 is connected by way of pipe or bushing 2 l 6.

conduit E55 and the valve mechanism lti where it is connected with the pipe or conduit 65 Since, and as was mentioned above, the pipe or conduit 6% is connected with the pipe or conduit t2? the pressure is now connected with the safety valve mechanism 628.

This valve mechanism 628 comprises a valve bushing i9 3 through which is formed a plurality of ports W5, MS, Hill and H98. Disposed within the bore in the bushing tilt is a valve member 999 of the sliding piston type and has formed thereon a plurality of piston portions between which are provided reduced portions or cannelures for connecting the port 595 with the port Hi6 and the port 99? with the port lilil when in its second operative position, that to the right of the position shown in Figure 12. The valve member 5957 is normally in. the position shown in Figure 12 and is yieldably shifted to this position by a spring 288 disposed Within the valve bushing lied and abutting on one end with the valve member 999 and on its other end with a plug which closes the bore in the valve bushing.

The valve member i953 is adapted to be shifted to its second operative position by each of the slides or rams 3i and 32 when said slides or rams I are respectively in their uppermost position. For this purpose each ram has secured to it a third dog 269. The dog 2!]! on the slide or ram 32 is adapted to engage a lug 202 projecting from flipper dog 293 secured to an oscillatable rod or shaft 264 journaled in the column and projecting therefrom the rod or shaft 2% is connected through suitable linkage with a valve shifter lever 285 which has its reduced or ball end 206 disposed in a transverse slot or groove 20'? formed in the valve member 499. This linkage is clearly shown in the above mentioned co-pending application and since the details thereof form no part of the present invention it should suffice that the ram 32 actuates the valve member W9. In order that the slide or ram at can eifect the operation of this valve the flipper 203 has projecting from it a tongue 208 which is received in a transverse groove or slot 2% formed in a second flipper dog 2E0 properly mounted to the face of the column. The second flipper dog 2! has projecting therefrom a lug 2! i which is similar to lug 2G2 and adapted to be engaged by the dog 20! of the slide or ram 3!.

By reference to Figure 12 it will be noted that the pipe or conduit I2! is connected with the port N5 of the bushing we while the port Hill has connected therewith the end of the pipe or conduit I26. The remaining ports or conduits E955 and H8 have respectively connected'therewith one end of pipes or conduits 2H2 and 2 l3 which terminate at their other ends in a valve mechanism 2%, which valve mechanism is utilized for preventing the operation or indexing of the work table cricept when the parts are in a desired position. The valve mechanism 2% is shown structurally in Figure 6, and as there shown, comprises a valve casing 2E5 which is adapted to be secured to the right hand side of the table support or knee 2! as shown in Figure 2. Pressed into a suitable bore in the casing 255 is a valve bushing 2H3 having formed therethrough a plurality of sets of radial ports 2H, 2H8, Eli! and 228, each set of ports being encircled by a similar circumferential groove 22! formed in the exterior of the Disposed within the bore in the bushing 286 is a valve member 222 having formed thereon a plurality of piston portions for providing between them reduced portions or cannelures 223 and 22d adaptedto connect ports as shown in Figures 6 and 12 when the, valve member is'in the said position and when in its second position to cut off the ports 2H? and M9 respectively from the ports are and 228.

As was mentioned above, this valve mechanism 2% is utilized to prevent the operation of the work table until the parts are in the proper or desired position, that is, the table is prevented from being oscillated unless the unfinished work fore describing the mechanism which actuates the valve member 222 it is desired to describe the work fixture and means for operating the same.

Referring, therefore, to Figures 3, 4, 5, 8 and 9 it will be noted that the work table M has secured thereto a pair of work fixtures respectively indicated in general by the reference numerals 225 and 226 and since these fixtures are substantially identical but one of them will be described in detail. Accordingly, and as seen in Figure 8, there is provided a plate 22? supporting on its upper surface for sliding movement relative thereto a carriage 228 to the rear end of which is secured a plate 2%. Rotatably carried by the plate 221' is a screw 2% having its threaded end 2M received in a nut 232 secured to the upper surface of the plate 22?. The screw rec projects forwardly of the plate 229 to receive a knob 233 whereby thescrew may be rotated. This adjusting mechanism is provided in order to accurately position the fixtures and the work carried thereby relative to rams 3t and 32 and the broach tools carried thereon.

At the forward end ofthe carriage 228 there is provided a work rest 23% disposed forwardly of a rib or anvil 235 from which'projects pins 236 and 231i. The anvil 235 through the pins 236 and 23? takes the outward thrust of the broach tools while the rest 23% takes the downward thrust. To secure the work 238, here shown as a connecting rod cap, on the rest 23% the carriage 228 has rising therefrom a pair of pivot pins 239 and 2 30 on which are respectively journaled arms 2M and 2&2. Secured to the outer ends of the arms 2M and 252 are respectively clamping jaws 243 and 24% adapted to be adjustably secured by suitable adjusting screws and clamp bolts'shown in Figure 9. The arms 2M andfit are actuated about their pivot pins by means of a rotatable cam M5 having cam sides 2% and 2M which respectively engage lugs 24% and 2M projecting from the arms 2M and M2. In order to hold the arm lugs 248 and 2&9 in contact with their cam faces 246 and 2M the said arms have each connected therewith ofiset ends of a spring 253. The cam 265 is keyed or otherwise secured to an oscillatable shaft 25!) journaled in bosses 258 and 252 rising from the upper surface of the carriage 228.

In order to rotate or oscillate the shaft 250 the said shaft projects beyond the carriage 228 to which projecting end is keyed or otherwise secured a rack pinion 255 meshing with rack teeth 255 formed on a piston rod 256, see Figure 3. The piston rod 256 has secured thereto a piston 25'? which is enclosed in a suitable cylinder 258. The cylinder 258 is closed at opposite ends by heads 259 and 269, the latter of which may be formed integral with the carriage plate 229.

From the foregoing it will be noted that each work fixture is power actuated to securely clamp work pieces therein. While the work piece shown in the drawings is a connecting rod cap it should piece is securely clamped in its work fixture. Be-

be noted that the mechanism is not to be limited to this type of work piece as the invention will operate with equal facility on all types and kinds of work pieces.

The piston 251 is adapted to be either hydraulically or pneumatically actuated, it being shown in the drawings as operated by air pressure. In order to connect the pressure with alternate ends of the cylinder there is provided a valve mechanism indicated in general in the drawings by reference numeral'26l which, as shown in Figure 10, comprises a housing or casing 262 having an oscillatable plug valve member 263 therein. The casing 262 is provided with ports 264, 265, 266 and 261. The ports 264 and 266, as shown in Figure 11,'have respectively connected therewith one end of pipes or conduits 268 and 269 respectively terminating at the inner and outer ends of the work clamping cylinder. The port 265 is open to atmosphere while the port 261 has connected therewith one end of a pressure pipe or conduit 218. In order to alternately connect the pipes 268 and 269 to pressure and to atmosphere the plug valve member 263 is provided with passages 2H and 212 adapted to be alternately connected with the pressure pipe 218 and atmosphere.

Each of the work clamping cylinders has connected with it its own control valve and their respective plug valve members 263 project beyond the casing. The said valves are respectively secured to the outer surface of their adjacent side walls of the table support or knee 21. To the projecting end of the valve member for work fixture 226 is secured an arm 213 pivotally connected to one end of a link 214 which has its other end pivotally connected to a lever 215, in turn pivotally mounted on the right hand side of the table support or knee 21.

From the foregoing it will be seen that oscillation of the handle 215 oscillates the valve plug member 263 for the right hand fixture to initiate the movement of the clamping piston to release the work and subsequently clamp an unfinished work piece. From Figure 2 it will be seen that the handle 215 is actuated in a clockwise direction or rearwardly to open the work fixture and in an opposite direction to clamp the fixture. As was noted above, there is provided the valve mechanism 2I4 which prohibits the oscillation of operation of the work table once the work fixture to be next operated upon is in proper clamped condition. For this reason the valve member 222 is actuated simultaneously with the operation of the work clamping valve 263. The link 214 is therefore provided intermediate its ends with a vertical groove or slot 216 receiving therein a pin 211 projecting laterally from the free end of an arm 218. The arm 218 is pinned or otherwise secured to a stud 219 rotatably or oscillatably journaled in a suitable bore formed in.a bracket integral with the valve casing 2l5.

The stud 219 projects through the right hand wall of the knee 21 and to said projecting end is pinned or otherwise secured an arm 280. The arm 288 has its inner or free end 28l cam-shaped and provided with the cam portion 282, see Figure 6. Lying adjacent to and contacting the said free or cam-shaped ends of the arm 288 is a roller 283 rotatably secured to the upper end of an arm 284, the arm 284 being in turn pinned or otherwise secured to a short shaft or stud 285 oscillatably mounted in a bearing provided by the valve housing 2l5. As seen in Figure '7 the shaft or stud 285 projects into the interior of has respectively connected therewith the other the valve housing 21 5 and has pinned to the said projecting end a lever 286 with its ball end 281 disposed in a transverse notch or slot 288 formed in the valve stem 289 of valve member 222. 5

From the foregoing it will be noted, with particular reference to Figures 2 and 6, that operation of the handle 215 in a clockwise direction or rearwardly causes the link 214 to be shifted to the left, thereby actuating the arms 218 and 288 10 in a counterclockwise direction. This movement of the arm 288 through the arm 284 and lever 286 effects a downward movement of the valve member 222 for cutting off ports 2 and 2"! respectively from the ports 2l8 and 228. This 15 would, of course, interrupt any flow between the said ports and pipes connected therewith as will later be made clear and it should be noted that with the valve member 222 in this position the indexing mechanism for the work supporting 20 table is cut off. The movement of the valve member 222 as just described is against the yielding resistance of a spring 296 disposed in the lower end of the valve bushing 2l6, the spring 298 abutting on one end with the valve member 25 222 and on its other end with a plug 29! which closes the end of the bushing bore. The spring 298 effectively maintains contact between the roller 283 and the end of the arm 288.

The foregoing description deals with the operation of the valve member 222 when the clamping valve mechanism associated with the right hand fixture 226, as seen in Figure 3, is operated. As was noted above, the valve member 222 is actuated simultaneously when the other fixture is operated and for this purpose the valve mechanism indicated in general in Figure 3 by the reference numeral 292 for the work fixture 225 has its plug valve member connected with a handle 293 which is identical with the handle 215 by way of a link 294 which is substantially identical with the link 214. The link 294 is provided with a groove or slot 295 receiving a pin 296 eccentrically disposed to and carried by a disc 291 which is secured to a shaft 298 extending substantially entirely across the work support or knee 21. The shaft 298 stops short of the inner surface of the right hand wall of the knee and is in axial alignment with the stud 219, see Figure. 7. Secured to the end of the shaft 298 adjacent the arm 284 is an arm 299 which is similar in contour to the arm 288 and is provided at its free end with a cam portion which is similar in all respects to the cam portion 282 of the arm 288. The said cam portion of the arm 299 is adapted to engage the roller 283 of the arm 284, the said roller being of a width equal to the combined width of the arms 288 and 299 as seen in Figure 7. From the foregoing it will be seen that the operation of the work clamping andreleasing handle 293 on the left hand side of the work support or knee 21 through the linkage just described and arm 299 effects the operation of the valve member 222 in the same manner as above described in connection with the work clamping and releasing handle 215.

By reference to Figure 12, it will be noted that the ports H8 and M9 of the valve bushing 2|6 0 ends of the pipes H2 and H3 which extend from the valve mechanism I28. The remaining ports H1 and 228 have respectively connected therewith the ends of pipes or conduits 388 and 38! which respectively terminate at their other ends 7 in the forward and rear ends of the indexing cylinder 65.

As was mentioned above, this machine em bodies means whereby the work fixture whose work piece is being tooled cannot be unclamped until the work supporting table has been oscillated or backed away from the tool a certain predetermined distance to clear the work of the tool. This means, as shown in the drawings, comprises a pair of pins 302 and 303 projecting respectively from the sides of the table ti which is adjacent the work clamping fixtures 226 and 22?. With the table it in the position shown in Figure 3 the pin cs2 lies behind an arm or finger 306i, pinned or otherwise secured to the shaft in which for convenience is a part of the arm 280. By reference to Figure 3 it will, therefore, be noted that with the table as there shown a movement of the handle 2% outwardly in order to release the clamped work piece would require the moving of the table thereby. Since this would be impossible the fixture cannot be operated until the table has indexed suiiiciently to retract the work from the line of movement of the tool.

The pin M3 on the other side of the table ti cooperates with a finger or lever and which is pinned or otherwise secured to the shaft 298, and similarly the finger 3M physically resists the operation of the valve mechanism 292 when the work in the fixture 225 is being operated upon.

The operation of the machine is as follows:

With the valves in the position shown in Figure 12 the work slide or ram 32 is descending because the pressure. developed by the pump 62 is "connected with the upper side of its piston through the following circuit. Pressure from the pump 62 is discharged through the pipe or conduit 66, valve mechanism 6i, pipe or conduit Ifltl, valve mechanism I02, pipe or conduit I29, valve mechanism I3I and pipe or conduit M0. The slide or ram 3i is at this time ascending which is effected by the exhaus. from the cylinder M-through the following circuit. The exhaust from the cylinder 38 is through the pipe or conduit E59, valve mechanism I3I, pipe or conduit I58, valve mechanism I and pipe or conduit I79 to the lower end of the cylinder 33 and the under side of the piston 35. This exhaust medium has 'suflicient pressure to elevate the piston and the upper end of the cylinder is' connected with the sump or tank through the following circuit. The exhaust from the said cylinder 33 is by way of pipe or conduitIllB, valve mechanism I34, pipe or conduit I33, valve mechanism I02, pipe or conduit 15, valve mechanism 6'1 and discharge pipes or conduits 99 and 98 to the sump M. The rams 3i and 32 continue to move as just described until they each reach the respective ends of their travels, that is, the ram 32 its lowermost position while the ram 3i its uppermost position.

As soon as the rams have been respectively positloned the valve members of valve mechanisms 935, I35 and I28 are shifted and each assumes a position to the right of that shown in Figure 12.

work table At this time the pressure in the pipe or conduit I29 is connected with the pipe or conduit I 58 through the valve mechanism I3I to the valve mechanism I3 i where the said pressure is connected with the pipe or conduit I56 and the valve mechanism It. The said pressure upon flowing through the pipe or conduit I92 positions the valve member of the valve mechanism IBI to reduce the flow and therefore the pressure in the pipe or conduit I56.

The excess fluid or flow in the pipe or conduit 255 is connected with the pipe or conduit Ill!) by way of the valve mechanism ill! to the valve mecha nism 61 where it is directed to the pipe or conduit 98 and therefore the sump BI. The remain ing flow and pressure in the pipe or conduit I55 is connected with the valve mechanism I3 I by way of pipe or conduit I55 and is connected by said valve with conduits IM and I2! and valve mechanism I28. At this time the flow in the pipe or conduit i2? is connected with the pipe or conduit 2 I 2, valve mechanism 2 I t, pipe or conduit 30! and cylinder 55 for actuating the piston M and thereby indexing the table. The medium behind the piston M is exhausted through the pipe or conduit 390, valve mechanism Zl i, pipe or conduit 2L3, valve mechanism l28, pipe or conduit 826, valve mechanism I66, pipes or conduits I 03 and I09, valve mechanism 6'5 and pipe or conduit 38 to the sump or tank 6 I. I

As soon as the table is fully indexed the valve member I E6 of valve mechanism W2 is shifted to its second or right hand position, thereby reversing the circuits above described to the broach jcylinders 33 and 34 for reversing the flow therein and effecting the downward movement of the ram BI and upward movement of the ram 32. During this movement the work fixture 225 is operated to release the finished work piece therein and to secure in position an unfinished work piece. As was fully described above, this operation shifts the valve member 222 of the valve mechanism 2M, thereby preventing any flow through the pipes .or conduits 2I2 and M3. Should the rams 3| and 32 reach the ends of the movements they are effecting before the operator gets the unfinished work piece properly clamped and the valve members of valve mechanisms I3I, I34 and I28 shifted to their proper positions, the machine would cease to operate until the work clamping is completed. As soon as the work clamping is completed and the valve mecahnism 2 Id positioned as shown in Figure 12 the table would then index and the machine continue to operate. From this it will be seen' that there has been provided a mechanism in which the work must be properly clamped in its fixture at the completion of each cycle of the machine or the machine will automatically stop untilthe clamping of the work is completed.

It will also be noted, as particularly described above, that the work table cannot be indexed until the cutting stroke of either ram is completed due to the physical interference of the table pins 302 and 303 to the shifting of the work fixture clamping valves.

The modification shown in Figures 13 to 16 inclusive discloses a mechanism for accomplishing substantially the same function as the mechanism previously described except that the oscillation or work piece is clamped or not, but the said indexing of the table will be stopped before the work is in line with the breaching tool and therefore the rams will be held against operation until the work is fully clamped, whereupon the indexing of the table is completed and the movement of the rams initiated. Additionally, with the modified structure the finished work piece may be released from its fixture shortly after the retraction thereof from the breach tool, thereby cutting down the idle time of the machine and affording the operator a greater period of time in which to release a finished work piece and clamp an unfinished work piece. These additional functions are proindexing of the table may be initiated whether the vided by a different arrangement of the valves operated by the work fixtures and by the oscillation of the table, as will now be described in detail.

Specifically, each work fixture'is provided with a control valve identical with those above referred to and indicated inFigure 13 by the reference characters 26l' and 292. The valve mechanism 26l' has the plug valve member 263' projecting therefrom to which is secured one end of an arm 306 to the free end of which is secured oneend of a link 301 extending along the right hand side of the table support or knee 21. The other end of the link 301 is connected with one end of an arm 308 extending from the clamping lever 309 pivoted at 310 to the side of the knee. The link 301 is provided intermediate its ends with a transverse slot receiving therein a pin 3 projecting from the upper end of an arm 3l2. The'arm 312 is pinned or otherwise secured to a shaft 3l3 rotatably mounted in a bearing provided by the valve casing 314. The shaft 313 has additionally keyed or otherwise secured thereto a second arm 3l5 having pivotally connected to its free end a link (H6. The link 3| 6 is in turn pivotally connected to a lever 311 which is secured to a stud 3I9 oscillatably mounted in the valve casing 314. Within thesaid valve casing 3 l4 the stud 3| 9 carries a valve shifter lever 320 having its reduced or ball end 321 received in a slot 322 formed in a valve member 323 of a valve mechanism indicated in general in Figure 16 by the reference numeral 324. From the foregoing itwill be noted that the operation 01' the valve mechanism 26! effects the operation of the valve mechanism 324.

The valve mechanism 292, similar to the valve mechanism 26l, has its plug valve member projecting therefrom. The said plug valve member has connected therewith one end of a link 325,

. the other end of which is connected to the clamping handle 326, which construction is similar to that described in connection with handle 309. Intermediate its.length the link 325 is provided with a transverse slot 326 receiving therein a pin 321 projecting from one end of an arm 328 which is similar to the link 3l6. The other end of the link 331 is pivotally connected to an arm 332, in turn secured to a stud 333 rotatably or oscillatably mounted in a bearing provided by the valve casing 3. The stud 333 is in axial alignment with the stud 319 and the said stud 333 has keyed or otherwise secured to it a valve shifter lever 334 which has its reduced or ball end 335 received in a notch 336 formed in the stem of a valve member 331. The valve member 331 is associated with a valve mechanism indicated in general in Figure 16 by the reference numeral 338. From the foregoing it will now be seen that operation of the handle 326 for actuating the valve mechanism 292 simultaneously shifts a second valve mechanism, the purpose of which will be described in detail later.

The valve mechanism 324, as seen in Figure 14, comprises a valve bushing 339 pressed into a suitable bore in the valve casing 3 I 4. The valve bushing has formed therethrough a plurality of sets of radial ports 340, 3, 342 and 343, each set of ports being encircled by a similar circumferential groove 344 formed in the exterior of the bushing 339. .The bushing 339 is additionally provided with circumferential grooves 345 and 346 which provide a passage around the bushing to act as conduits for the medium as will be seen in diagrammatic form in Figure 16. The valve mem- 5 ber 323 is provided with a plurality of piston portions forming between them reduced portions or cannelures adaptedto connectthe several sets of radial ports depending upon the position of the valve member. The valve member is shifted to its operative positions by the handle 309 through the mechanism above described and these positions are first as shown in Figure 14 and second a position below the one shown.

The valve mechanism 338 is shown structurally in Figure 14, and is similar to the valve mechanism 324 and comprises a bushing 341 pressed into a suitable bore in the valve casing 3l4. The bushing 341 is provided therethrough with a plurality of sets 01 radial parts 348, 349, 350 and 35l, each set of ports being encircled by similar circumferential grooves 352 formed in the exterior of the bushing 341. This bushing 341 is additionally provided with a circumferential groove 353 for-providing a conduit or passage around the 25 valve mechanism 338.

The hydraulic circuit shown in Figure 16 in the main and up to the valve mechanism I28 is substantially identical to the valve mechanism shown in Figure 12 and from there on the circuit 30 v is different to accommodate the valve mechanisms 324 and 338 and a valve mechanism indicated in general in Figure 16 by the reference character 354. The pipes or conduits 2l2 and 2 I3 which extend from the valve mechanism I28 in- 35 stead of connecting with the valve mechanism 214 respectively connect with pipes or conduits 355 and 356. The pipe or conduit 355 extends between the valve mechanism 324 and 354 while the pipe or conduit 356 extends between the valve mechanism 354 and 338. As seen in Figure 16, the pipe or conduit 355 connects with the port 342 of the valve mechanism 324. The ports 3 have connected therewith one end of a pipe or conduit 351 which terminates at its other end in the rear end of work table indexing cylinder 45, while the ports 340 have connected therewith one end of a pipe or conduit 358 which terminates at its other end in a. pipe or conduit 359. The remaining ports 343 of the valve mechanism 324 haveconnected therewith one end of a pipe or conduit 360, the other end of which is connected with a pipe or conduit 36l.

The valve mechanism 338, as shown in Figure 16, has respectively connected with its ports 348 and 351 the other'ends of the pipes or conduits 359 and 36L while the port 349 has connected therewith the pipe or conduit 356. The remaining port 350 of the valve mechanism 338 has con nected therewith one end of pipe or conduit 362 which terminates at its other end in the forward end of table oscillating cylinder 45. The valve mechanism 354 is shown structurally in Figure 14 and comprises a valve bushing 363 through which is formed a plurality of sets of radial ports 364, 365, 366 and 361, each set of ports being encircled by a similar circumferential groove 368; In addition, the bushing 363 is provided with a pair of circumferential grooves 369 and 310 which act as conduits for the medium in by-passing the fluid through the valve block 314. Disposed within the bore in the valve bushing 363 is a piston valve member 31! provided with a plurality of piston portions forming reduced portions or cannelures between them for connecting the sets of radial ports through the valve bushing in difierent combinations.

In order to shift the valve member til it has extending therefrom a stem in which is formed a transverse groove or slot 372 receiving the ball end 313 of a valve shifter lever 31%. The valve tive thereto provided by the valve casing 356 and.

is further provided at its outer end with a slot or groove 386. Received in the slot or groove 3% is the reduced or ballend 333i of an arm 3&2 secured to a pivot pin 383 oscillatably journaled in the table supporting plate 39. The pivot pin 383 has further keyed or otherwise secured thereto a plate 3% having formed in its periphery a slot 335 to provide shoulders 3% and 387. The plate 38 is additionally provided with a pair of v notches, the adjacent sides of which terminate at the apex of a conical point 388.

' Secured to the table Qli is a pair of dogs tddand 398 respectively pivotally mounted for oscillation in a clockwise and a counterclockwise direction.

The said dogs are respectively. actuated in the directions above indicated by spring loaded plungers 3st and 392 which normally hold said dogs in a position to provide a non-yielding dog point see and 3% which are adapted to respectively engage the shoulders 38% and it? on the plate 8% for eilecting its operation .or oscillation. Cooperating with the V notches and conical lug 38d of the plate are is a pivotally mounted spring loaded dog 3% which in efiect provides a spring loaded firing do By reference to Figure 13 it will be noted that oscillation of the work table ii in a clockwise direction will cause the dog point 3% to engage the shoulder see and oscillate the plate 8%. This movement of the plate carries with it thearm or lever 3&2 causing the free end dbl to take up the lost motion in the slot std and the load and fire dog 8 to rideup to the apex of the conical lug sec of the plate set. Sulntantially at the time the lost motion in the slot 3th is taken up the load and fire dog 3% is at the apex of the lug ass, whereupon the spring plunger causes the said dog to descend from the said apex and shift the lever 3&2 and therefore the rod 319, which through the levers tit and are actuates the valve member Mi.

By reference to Figure 16 it will be noted that the ports 526i, 366, 3th and 36d of the valve mechanism the have respectively connected therewith the pipes or conduits 35s, 5555, 356 and set.

The operation of the modified construction in volving valve mechanisms 32d, 38d and 356 is as follows: With the valve members of the said valve mechanisms in the positions shown and assuming that the table safety valve mechanism 52d has been thrown to connect the hydraulic pres sure through said valve mechanism with the pipe or conduit M2 the flow of the medium will be as follows: Through the pipe or conduit M2 and the pipe or conduit 3%, valve mechanism 3% and pipe or conduit sea to the left hand end of the table cylinder 35. This causes the table to be oscillated in a counterclockwise direction and the medium behind the piston id is exhausted from the valve mechanism 326, pipe or conduit 355 and pipe or conduit 283 to the valve mechanism I 28 where it is connected with the sump or tank through the circuit above described The foregoing description deals with the hy- 5 draulic circuit with the valves in the position shown. Assuming now that the valve mechanism 338 is not in the position shown but in the position with the valve member to the left of the position shown and the work piece therefore unclamped, under these circumstances the table will oscillate a certain amount and the flow will be as follows: From the pipe or conduit M2 to the pipe or conduit 358 into the valve mechanism'338 and valve mechanism 3% simultaneously. The flow from the valve mechanism 338 is at this time out ofi from the flow in the pipe or conduit 356 so that the ilow will therefore be from this pipe or conduit 356 into the valve mechanism 35d. The flow from the valve mechanism 35s is by way of pipe at or conduit 36!! to the valve mechanism 338 whereupon it is connected with the pipe or conduit 362 and the cylinder 65. This, of course, effects the operation of the piston dd therein for initiating the indexing of the work supporting table. As I soon as the table has indexed a small amount the valve member of-the valve mechanism 356 is shifted, thereby cutting ofi the flow between the said valve mechanism and pipe or conduit 38! and stopping the movement of the piston M and there- 8% fore the table until the work is clamped and the valve mechanism 338 properly actuated. From this it will be seen that'the work tables oscillation may be initiated whether the work is securely clamped in position or not. lid

Due to this interconnection of the valves the valve mechanism 32d may be actuated upon the releasing or unclamping of the finished work piece without interfering with the iiow of the fluid through the system. This will be appreciated fromFigure 16 because the valve mechanism 338 is connected directly with the valve mechanism 35% and lay-passes the other valve mechani'sm 32%, while the valve mechanism 326 is likewise directly connected with the valve mechanism ttd and by-passes-the valve mechanism 339. The operation of the parts for indexing to the right is substantially the same as that just described except that the pressure at this time is flowing through the pipe or conduit 2E3 instead of the pipe or conduit 2 B2. c

It should be noted that while the various connections between the ports, and particularly 35b, 3%,.359 and'tti, have been described as pipes or conduits these may be, and in effect are, merely interdrilled ports in the main valve block as described in detail above in connection with Figure when the control means are in work releasing to position.

2. In a breaching machine of the class described the combination of a pair of broach rams adapted to be alternately actuated through a cutting and an idle stroke, an oscillatable table, is

means for securing a pair of work pieces to the table for alternate presentation to the broach rams when traveling through their cutting strokes, a hydraulic circuit foractuating the broach rams, means for securing the work pieces to the table, and a valve operable by the work securing means to interrupt the operation or the hydraulic circuit when the securing means are in releasing position.

3. In a breaching machine or the class described the combination of a pair of reciprocating rams, an oscillatable table adapted to support I a pair of work pieces and operable for presenting one piece to one ram and the second piece to the other ram, a work fixture for each work piece on the table, independent means for actuating the work piece fixtures to release the finished work piece in one fixture and secure an unfinished work piece therein, and means operable with said last mentioned means to stop the tooling movement of the ram unless the work piece fixture therefor is actuated into work securing position.

4. In a broaching machine or the class described the combination of a pair of broach rams, means for effecting a continuous cyclic movement oi. said rams through a cutting and an idle stroke, an oscillatable work supporting table for supporting a work piece for each ram and operable at the conclusion of each cycle of operation of the rams, means for securing each work piece to the oscillatable work table, and means operable with the last mentioned means for automatically stopping the cyclic operation of the rams, when the securing means are in releasing position.

5. In a broaching machine of the class described the combination of a first ram, a second ram, means for simultaneously actuating said rams, one through a cutting stroke while the other is being actuated through an idle stroke, hydraulic means for effecting the cyclic movement of the rams, a work supporting mechanism operable at the completion or each cycle of movement of the rams for retracting the finished work piece from the ram passing through the idle stroke and advancing an unfinished work piece to the ram passing through the cutting stroke,

control means operable to secure each work piece to the work supporting means, and means operable with the last mentioned means or stopping the movement of the rams at the completion of a given cycle of movement unless the control means are in work securing adjustment.

6. In a broaching machine of the class described the combination or a first ram, a second ram, means for simultaneously actuating said rams, one through a cutting stroke while the other is being actuated through an idle-stroke, hydraulic means for efi'eoting the cyclic movement of the rams, a work supporting mechanism operable at the completion of each cycle of movement of the rams for retracting the finished work piece from the ram passing through the idle stroke and advancing an unfinished work piece to the ram passing through the cutting stroke, means operable to secure each workpiece to the work supporting means, means operable with the last mentioned means for stopping the movement of the rams at the completion or a given cycle of movement unless the work pieces are properly secured to the work supporting mechanism, and means for preventing the operation 0! the work securing means until the work supporting means has been retracted a given amount from the broach ram. 7 g

7. In a broaching machine of the class described the combination of a pair of broach rams,

means for efiecting a continuous cyclic movement of said rams through a cutting and an idle stroke, an oscillatable work supporting table for supporting a work piece for each ram and oper- 5 able at the conclusion of each cycle of operation of the rams, means for securing each work piece to the oscillatable work table, means operable with the last mentioned means for automatically stopping the cyclic operation of the rams unless the work pieces are properly secured to the table, including a valve in the hydraulic circuit for interrupting the flow therethrough, and a single means for actuating the work securing means and valve. 15

8. In a breaching machine the combination of a pair of breaching rams each adapted to be actuated through a cutting stroke while the other is passing through an idle stroke, the movements of the rams constituting a complete cycle during which a work piece is machined, automatic means for effecting a continuous repetition of said cycle, an oscillatable-work table adapted to support a pair of work pieces, one for each of said rams and for presenting the work pieces to the ram passing through its cutting stroke, a work supporting fixture for each work piece on the table, power operated means for securing each work piece in its fixture, and means operable with the work securing means for interrupting the continuous repetition of the cycle and stopping the ram at the end oi the cycle when the securing means are released.

9. In a breaching machine the combination of r a pair of broaching rams each adapted to be actuated through a cutting stroke while the other is passing through an idle stroke, the movements of the rams constituting a complete cycle during which a work piece is machined, automatic means for effecting a continuous repetition of said cycle, an oscillatable work table adapted to support a pair of work pieces, one for each of said rams and for presenting the work pieces to the ram passing through its cutting stroke, a work supporting fixture for each work piece on the table, power operated means for securing each work piece in its fixture, means operable with the work securing means for interrupting the continuous repetition oi. the cycle and stopping the ram at the end of the cycle when the securing means are released, and means for effecting the oscillation of the work supporting table at the conclusion of each cycle of the machine.

10. In a breaching machine the combination of a pair of broaching rams each adapted to be actuated through acutting stroke while the other is passing through an idle stroke, the movements of the rams constituting a complete cycle during which a work piece is machined, automatic means for effecting a continuous repetition of said cycle, an oscillatable work table adapted to support a pair of work pieces, one for each of said rams and for presenting the work pieces to the ram passing through its cutting stroke, a work supporting fixture for each work piece on the table, power operated means for securing each work piece in its fixture, means operable with the work securing means for interrupting the continuous repetition of the cycle and stopping the ram at the end of the cycle if the work pieces are not securely clamped in their work fixtures, means for effecting the oscillation oi the work supporting table at the conclusion of each cycle of the machine, and means preventing the operation of the work supporting fixtures until the work piece being -operated upon has been retracted a given dis-'- tance from the ram.

11. In a breaching machine of the class described the combination of a pair of broach rams each operable through a cutting stroke while the other is operable through, an idle stroke, an oscillatable work supporting table, a-flrst work fixture secured to the table for presenting a work piece to one of said rams, a second work fixture secured to the table for presenting a'work piece to the other ram, each of said work fixtures includ ing power operated means for securing the work therein, means for oscillating the table, means for efi'ectlng the reciprocation of the rams, means operable by the rams for energizing the table oscillating means, and means operable to prevent the oscillation of the table unless each work fixture is in a work clamping position.

12. In a broaohing machine of the class described the combination or a pair of reciprocating broach tools each adapted to be actuated through a cutting stroke and an idle stroke, an oscillatable work supporting table for presenting a work piece to said rams during a cutting stroke, a work supporting fixture on said table for each work piece, power means for securing a work piece in the fixture, individual controls for the power means of the respective fixtures, automatic means for actuating the rams and oscillating the table, and means associated with the controls for stopping the oscillation of the table if a control is in releasing position.

13. In a broaching machine of the class described the combination with a pair of reciprocatlng broach rams, of means for actuating said rams respectively through a cutting and an idle stroke, hydraulic means for actuating the can including a hydraulic circuit and a piston associated with each ram, a table oscillatably mounted adjacent said rams and adapted to support a pair of work fixtures, one for each ram, hydraulic means for oscillating the table, valve means operable by the rains for irritating the oscillation of the table, valve means operated by the table for initiating the movement of the rams, and additional valve means associated withthe fixture operating means for interrupting the circuit and stopping the oscillation of the table unless a work piece is secured in the fixture.

it. In a breaching machine of the class descri the combination of a pair of reciprocating broach rams, each ram adapted to be alternatelyactuated through a cutting stroke, an indexable table operable between a loading position and a cutting position for presenting a work piece to each rain prior to its movement through a cutting stroke, a work ture for each work piece on said table, means for securing the work in its fixture, means for indexing the table, and means operable by the work clamping means for preventing the indexing ofthe table when the securing means are in work releasing ustment;

15. In a breaching machine of the class do. scribed the combination of a pair of reciprocatlng broach rams, each ram adapted to be alter= tely actuated through a cutting stroke, an indexable table operable betwen a loading position and a cutt position for presenting a work piece to each ram prior to its movement throh a cutting stroke, a work fixture for each work piece on said table, means for securing the work in its fixture, 1":- a for inde mg the table, it operable by the work clamping means for stopping the indexing of the table unless a work piece is able by the table for continuing the indexing of the table upon the operation of the work clamping means.

16. A duplex broaching machine including a bed, a pair. of broach rams movable on the bed in 5 opposition one to the other, work supporting means having portions individual to each ram for presentation of a work piece to the ram during the broaching stroke thereof, means for shifting the work support means to retract same with 10 respect to the ram during the non-tooling stroke thereof, means for efiecting power clamping of the work by the work supporting means, a manual control for said power clamping, and means operable by said manual control for interrupting operation of the broach when the manual'control is in work releasing position.

17. A duplex broaching machine including a bed, a pair of broach rams movable on the bed in opposition one to the other, work supporting 20 means having portions individual to each ram for presentation of a work piece to the ram during the breaching stroke thereof, means for shifting the work support means to retract same with respect to the ram during the non-tooling stroke 25 thereof, means for efiecting power clamping of the workby, the work supporting means, a mum ual control for said power clamping, means operable by said manual control for interrupting operation of the broach when the manual control 30 is in work releasing position, and means preventing releasing movement of the manual control when the individual work holding means is in operative relation to its ram.

18. A duplex broach including a bed, a pair of 5 vertically reciprocating broach rams carried thereby, breaching means operable by the rams, work supporting means alternately movable toward and from the respective rams, each of said work supporting means including a manually actuable work clamping mechanism, means for effooting continuous cyclic movements of the parts including alternate presentation of the respective work piece holders to their individual broach ing rams and successive broaching movements of the rams with respect to their associated work piece holders, means operable by the manual clamp control when in work releasing position for interrupting the cycle of movement of the parts, and means for preventing actuation of the manual control when an individual work piece holder is in operative relation to its ram.

19. a duplex breaching machine of the character described including a bed or support, a pair of broaching rams carried thereby and alternately shiitable through a breaching stroke,

' means for cheating movement of the rams,

an oscillatable work supporting table having work supports individual to the respective rams, means for efiecting an oscillation of the table to 6% present one or the other of the work supports to its associate ram during the tooling movement of the ram, means including an hydraulic circuitior efiecting successive movements of the rams and work supports in predetermined cycle, indi- $5 vidual manually controllable means for clamping and unclamping the work piece in the respective supports, a stop valve in the hydraulic ao. a duplex broac machine of the 0- i5 acter described including a bed or support, a pair 0! broaching rams carried thereby and alternately shiftahle through a breaching stroke, means for eflecting movement of the rams, an oscillatable work supporting table having work supports individual to the respective rams, means for effecting an oscillation of the table to present one or the other of the work supports to its associate ram during the tooling movement of the ram, means including an hydraulic circuit for eilecting successive movements of the rm and work supports in predetermined cycle, individual manually controllable means for clamping and 'unclamping the work piece in the respective supports, a stop valve in the hydraulic circuit, individual operating connections front the respective clamp controls to the valve for shifting the valve .5

into stop position for interruption of the cycle when either of the individual control means is shifted to work releasing position. and means for reversely shifting the stop valve when the work has been clamped.

. mwm G. ROEHM. 

